Welcome to Hormones 101—the first episode in Dr. Sara’s deep-dive hormone series. In this foundational solo, Dr. Sara breaks down what hormones are, why they matter, and how imbalances can impact everything from mood and metabolism to sleep, libido, and energy. She introduces the “Big Five” hormones—cortisol, estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, and thyroid—explaining their distinct roles, how they interact, and why cortisol calls the shots. Dr. Sara also unpacks underdiagnosed conditions like endometriosis and PCOS, and reveals how modern life, chronic stress, environmental toxins, and medical gaslighting contribute to widespread hormonal dysfunction. You’ll walk away with practical steps for testing and balancing your hormones through lifestyle changes. This episode is all about understanding your biochemistry and learning how to advocate for better care.

// REFERENCES // 

Get Dr. Sara’s Lab Reference Ranges Guide in Healthy Adults Here. 

Listen to her episode with Andrew Huberman. 

Read her book, The Hormone Cure. 

JAMA study from 2023 (regarding subclinical hypothyroidism and cognitive decline): Papaleontiou, M., and J. P. Brito. "Disentangling the Association Between Excess Thyroid Hormone and Cognition in Older Adults." JAMA Internal Medicine 183, no. 12 (2023): 1332–1333. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2023.5618.

Fertility in Sterility in 2023 review (regarding luteal phase progesterone deficiency and infertility): Raperport, C., E. Chronopoulou, R. Homburg, et al. "Endogenous Progesterone in Unexplained Infertility: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics 40 (2023): 509–524.

2024 study (regarding men with low progesterone, estradiol/testosterone ratios, and visceral adiposity): Mauvais-Jarvis, F., and S. H. Lindsey. "Metabolic Benefits Afforded by Estradiol and Testosterone in Both Sexes: Clinical Considerations." Journal of Clinical Investigation 134, no. 17 (September 3, 2024): e180073. doi:10.1172/JCI180073.

2023 meta-analysis published in JAMA Psychiatry (regarding mindfulness and salivary cortisol)

Vargas-Uricoechea, H., A. Castellanos-Pinedo, K. Urrego-Noguera, H. D. Vargas-Sierra, M. V. Pinzón-Fernández, E. Barceló-Martínez, and A. F. Ramírez-Giraldo. "Mindfulness-Based Interventions and the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis: A Systematic Review." Neurology International 16, no. 6 (November 20, 2024): 1552–1584. doi:10.3390/neurolint16060115.

Sanada, K., J. Montero-Marin, M. Alda Díez, M. Salas-Valero, M. C. Pérez-Yus, H. Morillo, M. M. Demarzo, M. García-Toro, and J. García-Campayo. "Effects of Mindfulness-Based Interventions on Salivary Cortisol in Healthy Adults: A Meta-Analytical Review." Frontiers in Physiology 7 (October 19, 2016): 471. doi:10.3389/fphys.2016.00471.

 // KEEP IN TOUCH WITH DR. SARA //

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